Republic of China ~ Grunge Flag (1912 - 1928)

The Republic of China (Chinese: 中華民國), also known as the Beiyang Government, was established as a result of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911 and the fall of the Qing dynasty. The Beiyang name refers to the Beiyang Army under the command of the former Qing general Yuan Shikai. His death in 1916 caused the Beiyang Army to fall apart into different factions with their own warlords, which were in turn defeated by the Kuomintang Government of Sun Yat-sen between 1917 and 1928.

The Republic of China used the so-called ‘Five Races Under One Union’ flag, one of the principles upon which the republic was founded. The ‘Five Races’ referred to the main ethnic groups living within the republic’s borders: red for the Han, yellow for the Manchu, blue for the Mongols, black for the Hui (the Muslim Turkic people of Western China) and white for the Tibetans.

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